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Application scenarios and noise source analysis of steam turbines
Steam turbines are widely used in power plants, industrial production, and heating, but they also generate noise problems. Noise sources can be categorized into the following main types:
1. Noise from the thermal process: Steam turbines generate explosion noise, combustion noise, and steam jet noise during combustion. These noises mainly originate from the combustion chamber and steam release port.
2. Structural vibration noise: The rotating parts and transmission system of a steam turbine will vibrate, thus generating structural vibration noise. This noise mainly comes from bearings, gears, and connecting parts.
3. Exhaust noise: In the exhaust system of a steam turbine, the hydrodynamic interaction between the exhaust pipe and the muffler generates noise.
4. Auxiliary equipment noise: including noise generated by auxiliary equipment such as cooling systems, pumps, fans and compressors.
Steam turbine noise control measures
1. Soundproof enclosure design: Noise transmission is reduced by constructing a soundproof enclosure around the steam turbine. The enclosure should use suitable sound-insulating materials, such as soundproof panels and soundproof glass, and should be designed with a suitable sound insulation structure, including the arrangement of air isolation layers and sound-absorbing materials.
2. Vibration Reduction and Balancing: Measures such as vibration damping pads and elastic supports are adopted to reduce the vibration and structural noise of the steam turbine. Through reasonable design and adjustment, vibration damping devices can reduce resonance between the blades and the impeller, thereby reducing noise.
3. Acoustic isolation: Using sound-absorbing materials to reduce the reflection and propagation of sound waves. Sound-absorbing panels, sound-absorbing cotton, etc., can be installed around the steam turbine to reduce noise transmission.
4. Exhaust noise control: Design and install exhaust pipes in a reasonable manner, and use devices such as silencers to control the noise of the steam turbine exhaust system.
5. Auxiliary equipment optimization: Select low-noise equipment, such as low-noise pumps, fans, and compressors, to reduce noise generated by auxiliary equipment. In addition, vibration reduction measures can be taken, such as flexible supports and vibration-isolated foundations.
Noise control effectiveness evaluation and monitoring
To ensure the effectiveness of noise control, it is necessary to conduct noise control effect assessments and monitoring. Noise level measuring instruments and spectrum analyzers can be used to compare and evaluate noise levels before and after control measures. Simultaneously, the noise level of the steam turbine should be monitored regularly to ensure the continued effectiveness of noise control measures.